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This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Raife, T. Articles by Lentz, S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Raife, T. Articles by Lentz, S. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  Regulation of thrombomodulin expression by all-trans retinoic acid and tumor necrosis factor-alpha: differential responses in keratinocytes and endothelial cells TJ Raife, EM Demetroulis and SR Lentz Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA. Thrombomodulin is a cell-surface anticoagulant glycoprotein expressed by vascular endothelial cells and epidermal keratinocytes. Thrombomodulin expression in endothelial cells is regulated by retinoic acid and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), agents that also modulate epidermal differentiation. We examined thrombomodulin function and regulation of thrombomodulin expression by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and TNF in human keratinocytes and endothelial cells. Untreated keratinocytes and endothelial cells expressed thrombomodulin of comparable activity and apparent thrombin affinity. Incubation of keratinocytes with 10 mumol/L ATRA for 24 hours increased thrombomodulin activity 5.4 +/- 0.9-fold (mean +/- SE), with equivalent increases observed in thrombomodulin protein (5.5 +/- 2.1-fold) and mRNA (4.2 +/- 1.2-fold). Incubation of keratinocytes with 1.0 nmol/L TNF markedly increased expression of keratinocyte transglutaminase, but had no effect on thrombomodulin activity, protein, or mRNA. In endothelial cells, ATRA produced a small increase in thrombomodulin activity (1.9 +/- 0.1-fold), and incubation with TNF for 24 hours decreased thrombomodulin activity 83% +/- 7%. The activity profile of keratinocyte thrombomodulin exhibited a distinct maximum near 1.0 mmol/L Ca2+. These results demonstrate that keratinocyte thrombomodulin is regulated by retinoids and Ca2+, but not by TNF, and that regulation of thrombomodulin expression differs in keratinocytes and endothelial cells. Volume 88, Issue 6, pp. 2043-2049, 09/15/1996 Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: J. J. Peterson, H. B. Rayburn, D. J. Lager, T. J. Raife, G. P. Kealey, R. D. Rosenberg, and S. R. Lentz Expression of Thrombomodulin and Consequences of Thrombomodulin Deficiency during Healing of Cutaneous Wounds Am. J. Pathol., November 1, 1999; 155(5): 1569 - 1575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

	Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Hematology         Online ISSN: 1528-0020