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Overexpression of cyclin D2 in chronic B-cell malignancies
A Delmer, F Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista, R Tang, S Ramond, AM Faussat, JP Marie and R Zittoun
Laboratoire de Cinetique et Culture Cellulaires, Hotel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Tumor progression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is thought
to result from the gradual accumulation of small resting G0/G1 phase
lymphoid cells rather than the proliferation of actively dividing cells.
The recent identification of G1 cyclins that are likely to control both the
progression through G0 and G1 phase and the G1/S transition prompted us to
study the mRNA expression of D-type cyclins in the peripheral blood
lymphocytes from 34 patients with B-CLL, 7 patients with lymphoplasmacytic
lymphoma (LPL), and 2 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Cyclin D2
mRNA was, on average, 5- to 10- fold overexpressed in most of the samples
studied (B-CLL, 29/34; LPL, 7/7; MCL, 0/2) as compared with normal resting
B lymphocytes, in which cyclin D2 mRNA was barely detectable. In situ
hybridization with cyclin D2 digoxigenin-labeled mRNA probe showed that all
the cells from a given sample were stained with approximately the same
intensity. Cyclin D3 was never detected in any of the samples tested,
whereas cyclin D1 was expressed in only the 3 cases (1 LPL and 2 MCL)
bearing a t(11;14) translocation. A trisomy 12 was found in 4 of 19 (21%)
B-CLL or LPL cases for which cytogenetic analysis was available. Although
the cyclin D2 gene has been mapped to chromosome 12p13, there was no
apparent correlation between trisomy 12 and the level of cyclin D2
expression. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry after staining with
propidium iodide consistently showed that more than 96% of the cells were
in G0/G1 phase, whatever the importance of cyclin D2 overexpression was,
and that cyclin D2 overexpression in B-CLL was not associated with any
modifications of the cell cycle repartition. No consistent overexpression
of cyclin D2 was found in acute myeloid leukemias. In conclusion,
overexpression of cyclin D2 mRNA was found to be an almost constant feature
in B-CLL and LPL. Therefore, it led us to hypothesize, with the support of
data from some transfection experiments previously reported in murine
hematopoietic cell lines, that cyclin D2 might play a role in B-CLL
pathogenesis, possibly by preventing cells from programmed cell death.
Volume 85,
Issue 10,
pp. 2870-2876,
05/15/1995
Copyright © 1995 by The American Society of Hematology
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