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Expression of CD28 and CD40 in human myeloma cells: a comparative study
with normal plasma cells
C Pellat-Deceunynck, R Bataille, N Robillard, JL Harousseau, MJ Rapp, N Juge- Morineau, J Wijdenes and M Amiot
Laboratoire d'Oncogenese Immunohematologique, Institut de Biologie, Nantes,
France.
CD28 and CD40 are important activation pathways for T and B lymphocytes,
respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotype of
plasma cells (PCs) and the expression of these two molecules, CD28 and
CD40. Therefore, we have compared their expression on normal PCs from bone
marrows and tonsils with that of freshly explanted malignant PCs from 31
patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and those from 12 human myeloma cell
lines. For this purpose, we first described a new approach to identify
plasma cells in bone marrow using two-color immunofluorescence analysis
with anti-CD38 and B-B4 antibodies. B-B4 specifically recognizes all PC;
all B-B4 cells are located within the CD38 bright fraction and vice versa.
CD19 and CD56 expression, which was previously shown to discriminate normal
from malignant PCs, was also evaluated. In the current report, we show that
normal PCs express CD19, CD40, and CD56 (weakly as a subset) and lack CD28.
Regardless of whether they express CD19, CD56 is clearly upregulated during
the medullary chronic and accelerated phases of MM, but is absent in
patients with extramedullary involvement. Although the level of CD40
expression is variable, only patients in accelerated phases expressed high
CD40 levels. Finally, whereas CD28 was negative in chronic phase (as in
normal PCs), it was expressed in 63% of the patients in accelerated phases
and 100% of cell lines. Our data strongly suggest that both disease
activity and medullary homing (or not) are correlated with the expression
of CD19, CD40, CD28, and CD56 on human myeloma cells.
Volume 84,
Issue 8,
pp. 2597-2603,
10/15/1994
Copyright © 1994 by The American Society of Hematology

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