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Interleukin-2 may induce prolonged remissions in advanced acute myelogenous
leukemia
G Meloni, R Foa, M Vignetti, A Guarini, S Fenu, S Tosti, AG Tos and F Mandelli
Dipartimento di Biopatologia Umana, Universita La Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
The administration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) may induce complete remissions
in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients with a low proportion of
residual bone marrow (BM) blasts. To confirm this preliminary observation,
we treated 14 AML patients with advanced disease and with a residual BM
blastosis that ranged between 7% and 24% with repeated 5-day cycles of
high-dose recombinant IL-2 administered by daily continuous intravenous
infusion. Patients who responded have been subsequently submitted to a
monthly maintenance scheme with subcutaneous IL-2 at lower doses. While
using this schedule and closely monitoring clinical and laboratory
conditions, side effects were acceptable and no toxic deaths recorded.
Eight of the 14 patients treated with high-dose IL-2 obtained a complete
remission (CR). Five remain in persistent CR (four in third CR and one in
fourth CR) after a median follow-up time of 32 months (14, 30, 32, 33, and
68 months, respectively). In all five patients, the IL-2-induced remission
is the longest in the natural history of the disease. These findings show
that IL-2 displays an antileukemic effect in AML with limited residual
disease, and suggest that IL-2 should be considered a therapeutic option
for resistant or relapsed AML patients.
Volume 84,
Issue 7,
pp. 2158-2163,
10/01/1994
Copyright © 1994 by The American Society of Hematology
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