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Prospective comparative trial of autologous versus allogeneic bone marrow
transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
V Ratanatharathorn, J Uberti, C Karanes, E Abella, LG Lum, F Momin, G Cummings and LL Sensenbrenner
Division of Hematology, Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center Bone
Marrow Transplant Program, MI.
A prospective comparative trial of allogeneic versus autologous bone marrow
transplant (BMT) was conducted. Sixty-six consecutive patients (median age,
41; range, 15 to 60; female:male ratio = 21:45) entered this clinical
trial. Priority for allogeneic BMT was given to patients who were 55 or
younger and had a major histocompatibility complex- matched or
1-antigen-disparate sibling donor. Autologous BMT was offered to all other
patients whose age was 60 or younger. Patients who had no sibling donor and
who had BM involvement at the time of evaluation were not eligible.
Thirty-one patients received an allograft, and 35 patients received an
autograft. Thirteen patients received a BM graft purged with
4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide because of previous BM involvement. Patients
who had previous radiation to the thoracic and/or abdominal areas of more
than 20 Gy received a preparative regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide
(1,800 mg/m2/d for 4 days), VP-16 (200 mg/m2 every 12 hours for 8 doses),
and 1,3-bis(2- chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (600 mg/m2 as 1 dose). Other
patients received cyclophosphamide 1,800 mg/m2/d for 4 days followed by
total body irradiation of 12 Gy administered as a single daily fraction
over 4 days. With a median follow-up of 14 months, the progression-free
survival (PFS) for autograft and allograft recipients was 24% +/- 8% (+/-
SE) and 47% +/- 9%, respectively, (P = .21). However, the probability of
disease progression was significantly higher in the autologous group (69%
+/- 9%) than in the allogeneic group (20% +/- 10%; P = .001). When other
confounding prognostic factors were adjusted in the multivariate analysis,
chemosensitive disease and allograft were found to have a significant
favorable influence on probability of disease progression (P = .03 and
.003), but only chemosensitive disease had a significant influence on the
PFS (P < .002). Our results suggest the existence of
graft-versus-lymphoma effect and also support the rationale of using
immunotherapy after autologous BMT. Allogeneic BMT should be preferable to
autologous BMT in younger patients with lymphoma.
Volume 84,
Issue 4,
pp. 1050-1055,
08/15/1994
Copyright © 1994 by The American Society of Hematology

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