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Levels of retinoblastoma protein expression in newly diagnosed acute
myelogenous leukemia
SM Kornblau, HJ Xu, W Zhang, SX Hu, M Beran, TL Smith, J Hester, E Estey, WF Benedict and AB Deisseroth
Department of Hematology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center,
Houston 77030.
The relationship between the level of retinoblastoma protein (RB)
expression and the survival of 113 newly diagnosed acute myelogenous
leukemia (AML) patients was studied. Western blotting was used to determine
the level of RB protein present in peripheral blood leukemia cells and
results were confirmed in 26 patients by immunohistochemistry. The leukemic
cells from 22/113 AML patients (19%) contained RB protein at levels that
were equal to or less than the level of RB observed in the mononuclear cell
fraction of peripheral blood from normal individuals (Low RB). Levels of RB
greater than that of normal blood (Elevated RB) were seen in 91 patients
(81%). The median survival of patients with low RB was significantly
shorter than that seen in patients with elevated RB, 12 weeks versus 40
weeks (P = .02). Remission induction frequency was 36% in low RB patients
compared with 68% in AML patients with elevated RB (P = .01). Multivariate
analysis showed that low RB protein level was an independent prognostic
factor predictive or poor survival after allowing for other known
prognostic factors. These data suggest that a low level of the RB protein
at the time of diagnosis is associated with shortened survival in AML
patients because of inferior response to conventional therapy. Monitoring
of the RB level could identify a subgroup of AML patients with an extremely
poor prognosis when treated with chemotherapy alone, who would be eligible
for alternative therapeutic strategies.
Volume 84,
Issue 1,
pp. 256-261,
07/01/1994
Copyright © 1994 by The American Society of Hematology
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