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Hairy cell leukemia is characterized by clonal chromosome abnormalities
clustered to specific regions
U Haglund, G Juliusson, B Stellan and G Gahrton
Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden.
Cytogenetic analysis was performed on B-cell mitogen-stimulated cells from
36 patients with symptomatic hairy cell leukemia. Evaluable metaphases were
achieved from 30 patients, and (67%) showed clonal abnormalities. Recurrent
chromosomal aberrations involving chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 11, 19, and 20
were found. The abnormalities were mostly deletions and inversions, whereas
translocations and numerical abnormalities, except trisomy 5, were rare.
Fourteen patients showed multiple clones, which mostly were unrelated and
found in different combinations in individual cells. Cells with non-clonal
abnormalities identical to those found in clonal changes in other patients
were common. Chromosome 5 was involved in clonal aberrations in 12 of 30
(40%) patients, most commonly as trisomy 5 (n = 4), or pericentric
inversions (n = 6) and interstitial deletions (n = 4) involving band 5q13.
Three patients showed two and 1 patient three different clones that
involved chromosome 5. In addition, 1 patient had a rare constitutional
inversion of chromosome 5 with breakpoints at p13.1 and q13.3. Pericentric
inversions and interstitial deletions of chromosome 2 occurred clonally in
4 patients (13%) and in single cells of another 6 patients. Deletions of
chromosome 1 at band q42 was found in 5 patients, and 1 patient had a
translocation between 1q42 and a supernumerary chromosome 5. Deletions of
6q and 11q were similar to those commonly found in other
lymphoproliferative disorders. Trisomy 5, structural abnormalities
involving the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes 5 and 2, and 1q42
abnormalities were findings distinguishing the karyotypes in hairy cell
leukemia from those of other hematologic malignancies.
Volume 83,
Issue 9,
pp. 2637-2645,
05/01/1994
Copyright © 1994 by The American Society of Hematology
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