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Differentiation of natural killer (NK) cells from human primitive marrow
progenitors in a stroma-based long-term culture system: identification of a
CD34+7+ NK progenitor
JS Miller, KA Alley and P McGlave
Division of Hematology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis
55455.
We have recently described a marrow stroma-dependent long-term culture
system that supports differentiation of CD34+ human marrow primitive
progenitors into natural killer (NK) cells. We postulate that CD7
expression may be an early event in commitment of hematopoietic progenitors
to the NK lineage. Here we compare the characteristics of CD34+7- and
CD34+7+ marrow cells cultivated in the stroma-based NK culture system.
These CD34+ populations were further compared with a marrow derived, more
committed, CD34-7+ progenitor to emphasize the continuum of NK development
and to highlight differences between progenitors in our assays. No
progenitor proliferated when plated in media without stroma, underscoring
the importance of stroma in NK differentiation. Plating progenitor
populations in interleukin-2 containing media directly on preestablished,
allogeneic, irradiated marrow stroma for 5 weeks resulted in CD56+CD3- NK
cells; however, characteristics of the cultured populations differed. Fold
expansion and cloning efficiency of the CD34+7+ population, determined by a
functional limiting dilution assay was significantly higher than of the
CD34+7- or CD34+7+ populations. This suggests that the CD34+7+ population
is highly enriched for an NK progenitor and a possible intermediate in NK
lineage differentiation. Further dividing the CD34+7+ population by the
relative fluorescence of CD7 into CD34+7+dim and CD34+7+bright populations
showed that the CD34+7+bright population exhibited a significantly higher
cloning frequency than parallel experiments with CD34+7+dim cells (11.8%
+/- 2.4% v 2.4% +/- 0.7%, n = 6; P = .005). Plating of the more primitive
CD34+7- population in a transwell system (which separates progenitors from
stroma by a microporous membrane) prevents differentiation into NK cells.
In contrast, plating of CD34+7+ progenitors in transwells resulted in
generation of NK cells. These data suggest that primitive, but not more
mature NK progenitors may require direct contact with stroma for the
initial differentiation steps. Finally, differentiation of the NK
progenitors in this stroma-dependent model results in expression of CD2 not
present on any of the starting populations. This observation suggests that
marrow stroma can stimulate CD2 expression on NK progenitors in a
previously undescribed fashion that may be analogous to the thymic effect
on CD2 expression in immature T lymphocytes. These observations identify
early steps in the commitment of primitive marrow CD34+ hematopoietic
progenitors to a lymphoid lineage and underscore the importance of
coexpression of CD7 with CD34 as an early lymphoid commitment
characteristic and direct progenitor-stroma interactions in this process.
Volume 83,
Issue 9,
pp. 2594-2601,
05/01/1994
Copyright © 1994 by The American Society of Hematology

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