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Ultrastructural demonstration of CD36 in the alpha-granule membrane of
human platelets and megakaryocytes
G Berger, JP Caen, MC Berndt and EM Cramer
INSERM U.348, Paris, France.
CD36 (glycoprotein [GP] IV) is a membrane GP of 88 kD found on monocytes,
endothelial cells, and platelets. It may serve as a receptor for collagen
and is also able to bind thrombospondin (TSP), because a monoclonal
antibody to CD36 inhibits TSP binding to thrombin-stimulated platelets. In
the following study, we investigated the subcellular distribution of CD36
within normal resting platelets, thrombin- stimulated platelets, and in
cultured megakaryocytes (MK) by an immunogold staining technique and
electron microscopy. We used an affinity-purified monospecific polyclonal
antibody showing a single major band of precipitation at 88 kD via
immunoblot analysis. In normal platelets, ultrastructural observation
detected immunolabeling for CD36, homogeneously distributed along the
platelet plasma membrane and in the luminal side of the open canalicular
system (OCS). Moreover, some labeling was found around the alpha-granules
along the inner face of their limiting membrane. An average of 70% of
granules were labeled. The granule-associated pool of CD36 was estimated at
approximately 25% of the total cell content. To exclude the possibility of
a cross- reaction with GPIIb-IIIa, platelets from a patient with type I
Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (which completely lack GPIIb-IIIa) were studied
and showed a similar subcellular distribution of CD36, including
alpha-granule membrane labeling. In activated platelets, CD36 was shown to
be redistributed to the OCS and pseudopods of the plasma membrane.
Platelets from a patient with the Gray platelet syndrome expressed CD36 on
their plasma membrane, and some immunolabeling was also found within small
abnormal alpha-granules. In cultured MK, CD36 immunolabeling was detected
in the Golgi saccules, associated vesicles, immature alpha-granules, and
demarcation membranes. In conclusion, this study shows the existence of a
significant intragranular pool of CD36 in platelets that may play a
critical role in the surface expression of alpha-granule TSP during
platelet activation.
Volume 82,
Issue 10,
pp. 3034-3044,
11/15/1993
Copyright © 1993 by The American Society of Hematology
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