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Effects of leukocyte depletion and UVB irradiation on alloantigenicity of
major histocompatibility complex antigens in platelet concentrates: a
comparative study
KJ Kao
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine,
University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
Recent technologic advancement enables us to prepare leukocyte-depleted or
UVB-irradiated platelet concentrates for possible prevention of primary HLA
alloimmunization. However, it is yet not known which of these two
approaches is more efficacious. Because well-controlled studies cannot be
easily conducted in human subjects to answer this question, a series of
experiments were performed using a mouse transfusion model. The results
showed that 100% of CBA mice with H2k haplotype developed antibody to donor
H2d major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens after two weekly
transfusions of platelet concentrates containing 2000 leukocytes/microL. In
contrast, only 50% of the mice became alloimmunized after receiving
platelets containing < or = 2 leukocytes/microL. More impressively, none
developed anti-H2d antibodies after receiving two platelet concentrates
irradiated with 1,200 mJ/cm2 UVB. UVB irradiation was found to be equally
effective in reducing the alloantigenicity of platelet concentrates
regardless of whether they contained more than a fully immunogenic dose of
leukocytes. The antibody titers determined after five weekly transfusions
also supported the observation that UVB irradiation was more efficacious
than a 3-log leukocyte depletion in the prevention of primary
alloimmunization to MHC antigens. In addition, the studies showed that only
transfusions of UVB-irradiated platelet products could induce the
suppression of immunologic responses to donor MHC antigens in recipients
and the induced immunologic suppression could not be further enhanced by
gamma irradiation or by leukocyte depletion.
Volume 80,
Issue 11,
pp. 2931-2937,
12/01/1992
Copyright © 1992 by The American Society of Hematology
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