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Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 induce expression of the
verocytotoxin receptor globotriaosylceramide on human endothelial cells:
implications for the pathogenesis of the hemolytic uremic syndrome
NC van de Kar, LA Monnens, MA Karmali and VW van Hinsbergh
Gaubius Laboratory, IVVO-TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands.
The epidemic form of the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), beginning with an
acute gastroenteritis, has been associated with a verocytotoxin- producing
Escherichia coli infection. The endothelial cell is believed to play an
important role in the pathogenesis of HUS. Endothelial cell damage by
verocytotoxin-1 (VT-1) in vitro is potentiated by the additional exposure
of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).
Preincubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with
TNF-alpha resulted in a 10- to 100-fold increase of specific binding sites
for 125I-VT-1. Furthermore, interleukin-1 (IL-1), lymphotoxin (TNF-beta),
and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) also markedly increase VT-1 binding. Several
hours' exposure to TNF-alpha was enough to enhance the number of VT-1
receptors on the endothelial cells for 2 days. The TNF-alpha-induced
increase in VT-1 binding could be inhibited by simultaneous addition of the
protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. Glycolipid extracts of
TNF-alpha- treated cells tested on thin-layer chromatography demonstrated
an increase of globotriaosylceramide (GbOse3cer), a functional receptor for
VT-1, which suggests that preincubation of human endothelial cells with
TNF-alpha leads to an increase in GbOse3cer synthesis in these cells. We
conclude from this study that TNF-alpha and IL-1 induce one (or more)
enzyme(s) that is (are) rate-limiting in the synthesis of the glycolipid
VT-1 receptor, GbOse3cer. These in vitro studies suggest that, in addition
to VT-1, inflammatory mediators play an important role in the pathogenesis
of HUS.
Volume 80,
Issue 11,
pp. 2755-2764,
12/01/1992
Copyright © 1992 by The American Society of Hematology

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Shiga Toxin Binds Human Platelets via Globotriaosylceramide (Pk Antigen) and a Novel Platelet Glycosphingolipid
Infect. Immun.,
September 1, 1998;
66(9):
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R. Sakiri, B. Ramegowda, and V. L. Tesh
Shiga Toxin Type 1 Activates Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Gene Transcription and Nuclear Translocation of the Transcriptional Activators Nuclear Factor-kappa B and Activator Protein-1
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J. C. Paton and A. W. Paton
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