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Expression of lymphoid-associated cell surface antigens by childhood acute
myeloid leukemia cells lacks prognostic significance
FO Smith, BC Lampkin, C Versteeg, DA Flowers, PA Dinndorf, JD Buckley, WG Woods, GD Hammond and ID Bernstein
Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, WA.
The prognostic significance of cell surface antigens associated with
lymphoid and myeloid lineage differentiation on the blasts of children with
acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was evaluated. Leukemic blasts from 176
patients enrolled on Childrens Cancer Study Group Protocol 213 determined
to have AML by standard morphologic and cytochemical criteria were
immunophenotyped. Cell surface antigens associated with myeloid
differentiation were found on blasts from 88.1% of patients (CD15, 44%;
CD33, 65%; CD36, 53%; glycoprotein Ib, 9.3%). However, blasts from 30.7% of
patients expressed surface antigens thought to be specific for lymphoid
lineage differentiation (CD2, 9.4%; CD5, 2.7%; CD19, 34.5%; CD20, 0.8%). In
addition, CD34, a glycoprotein found on immature cells of both myeloid and
lymphoid lineages, was expressed on the blast cells of 48.2% of patients.
With the exception of the lymphoid lineage nonspecific antigen CD4, no
correlation was found between white blood cell count at diagnosis, age, and
French-American- British morphology, and the expression of any of the
lymphoid- or myeloid-associated cell surface antigens studied. Nor was the
expression of these antigens prognostically significant with respect to
response to induction therapy, death during induction, survival, event-
free survival, or survival/event-free survival following remission
induction. Multivariate analysis showed that CD4 expression was not an
independent predictor of outcome. Thus, this prospective study suggests
that expression of lymphoid-associated cell surface antigens as well as
myeloid-associated antigens by childhood AML blasts lacks prognostic
significance.
Volume 79,
Issue 9,
pp. 2415-2422,
05/01/1992
Copyright © 1992 by The American Society of Hematology
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