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Analysis at the clonal level of T-cell phenotype and functions in severe
aplastic anemia patients
M Viale, A Merli and A Bacigalupo
Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute for Cancer Research (IST),
Genova, Italy.
The aim of this study was to analyze at the clonal level the phenotype and
functions of T cells from patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA). For
this purpose we studied 175 T-cell clones obtained from peripheral blood
(PB) and bone marrow (BM) of four SAA patients and 97 clones from two
healthy controls. The percentage of CD8+ T-cell clones obtained from the
patients' PB and BM was higher, but not significantly (P = .07 and P = .14,
respectively), than that obtained in controls. A higher proportion of
T-cell clones from SAA patients exhibited lectin- dependent cytolytic
activity and especially natural killer-like activity when compared with
controls (PB: P less than .01, P less than .05; BM: P less than .05, P less
than .01, respectively). Lymphokine release was tested before and after
mitogen stimulation. A number of patients' clones were able to release
interferons (IFNs) spontaneously (PB: 28.6% v 0%, P less than .05; BM:
28.6% v 0%, P less than .10). After mitogen stimulation, patients' BM
T-cell clones produced IFNs in greater proportions (90.9% v 46.7%, P less
than .01) and in greater quantities (PB: 25.5 arbitrary units [AU]/mL v 5.7
AU/mL, P less than .03; BM: 26 AU/mL v 9.1 AU/mL, P = .011) as compared
with controls. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity was not found in
supernatants of unprimed T-cell clones. After mitogen stimulation, PB
T-cell microcultures produced TNF alpha in greater proportions (97.9% v
72.2%, P less than .01) and, also in this case, in greater quantities (PB:
7.2 AU/mL v 1.5 AU/mL, P = .007; BM: 9.9 AU/mL v 1.5 AU/mL, P = .003) than
controls. In conclusion, T-cell clones from SAA patients exhibit
predominantly a CD8+ phenotype, a greater cytotoxic activity, and can be
shown to produce greater quantities of suppressor lymphokines when compared
with controls.
Volume 78,
Issue 5,
pp. 1268-1274,
09/01/1991
Copyright © 1991 by The American Society of Hematology
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