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Subtypes of Epstein-Barr virus in human immunodeficiency virus- associated
non-Hodgkin lymphoma
MJ Boyle, WA Sewell, TB Sculley, A Apolloni, JJ Turner, CE Swanson, R Penny and DA Cooper
Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney,
Australia.
Biopsy samples obtained from 20 patients with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV)-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were assessed for evidence of
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HIV sequences. DNA was extracted from
formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded NHL tissue and specific viral gene
sequences were sought using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). EBV
sequences were found in 10 NHL samples (50%), with five tumors showing
A-type and five B-type sequences. By serologic testing, 18 of 19 patients
had antibodies to EBV, with 14 patients having antibodies to A-type EBV and
11 to B-type EBV. Serology confirmed the high prevalence of type B EBV in
HIV-infected patients, but was not a reliable indicator of the EBV subtype
present in the lymphomas. HIV sequences were present in biopsy tissue but
at a level consistent with an origin from bystander HIV-infected cells. All
20 patients were negative by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for
antibodies to human T-cell leukemia virus-type I. The high prevalence of
type B EBV in these tumors is similar to the findings in endemic Burkitt's
lymphoma, where 40% of the tumors have type B viral sequences. In normal
populations, type B EBV is rarely found outside the nasopharynx. These
studies support the hypothesis that EBV is an important cofactor in NHL in
HIV-infected persons. The finding that B- type EBV is present in 25% of
HIV-associated NHL suggests that this EBV subtype may be an important human
pathogen with a wider geographic distribution than originally thought.
Volume 78,
Issue 11,
pp. 3004-3011,
12/01/1991
Copyright © 1991 by The American Society of Hematology
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