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Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates monocyte and
tissue macrophage proliferation and enhances their responsiveness to
macrophage colony-stimulating factor
BD Chen, CR Clark and TH Chou
Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine,
Detroit, MI 48201.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a specific
humoral growth factor that stimulates both neutrophilic granulocyte and
macrophage production by bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells. GM-
CSF also stimulates the proliferation and clonal growth of both tissue
macrophages and blood monocytes. Although at low concentrations GM-CSF was
unable to support the long-term growth of tissue macrophages, it greatly
enhanced their responsiveness to macrophage CSF (M-CSF, or CSF- 1). This
effect was also observed by treating macrophages with GM-CSF for a short
time. GM-CSF did not compete with M-CSF for binding to M- CSF receptors nor
was it inactivated by treatment with anti-M-CSF antiserum. Treatment of
tissue macrophages with GM-CSF led to a rapid but transient downregulation
of M-CSF receptors; prolonged incubation at 37 degrees C, however, resulted
in a restoration and upregulation of M-CSF receptors. Identical effects
were observed with both native or recombinant GM-CSF. This study suggests
that GM-CSF regulates tissue macrophage production by two modes of action:
(a) direct stimulation of macrophage proliferation, and (b) enhancement of
their responsiveness to M-CSF.
Volume 71,
Issue 4,
pp. 997-1002,
04/01/1988
Copyright © 1988 by The American Society of Hematology
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