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SM Jung, N Yoshida, N Aoki, K Tanoue, H Yamazaki and M Moroi
Department of Biochemistry II, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
We describe an individual with abnormal platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb of
different molecular weight (mol wt), a defect that distinguishes this
patient from previously reported thrombasthenics. The patient, a
21-year-old female, has a mild bleeding tendency; her platelets lack
adenosine diphosphate (ADP) aggregation and have severely suppressed
collagen aggregation but a normal response to ristocetin. Sodium dodecyl
sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of her platelets indicates that
they contain two types of GPIIb molecules: one with an abnormal mol wt (122
kd, unreduced; 128 kd, reduced) and one with a normal mol wt (128 kd,
unreduced; 118 kd, reduced). Relative to the amount of GPIIb in normal
platelets, her platelets contain approximately 35% abnormal GPIIb and 20%
normal GPIIb. Fibrinogen binding assays on the patient's platelets
indicated that they contained 25% of the normal amount of fibrinogen
receptors. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis of the patient's platelets
demonstrated the formation of a GPIIb/IIIa complex that was mainly composed
of normal mol wt GPIIb and GPIIIa. The patient's father has decreased ADP
aggregability, and his platelets also contained both abnormal and normal
GPIIb (about 50% of the normal level and about 50% of the normal number of
fibrinogen receptors); her mother has only normal GPIIb. These results
indicate that the patient has heterozygous GPIIb molecules with an
abnormality of GPIIb at the molecular level. Studies on this abnormal GPIIb
should provide information about the function of GPIIb and the mechanism of
its biosynthesis.
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