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Blood, 15 November 2003, Vol. 102, No. 10, pp. 3483-3493. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 31, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1664. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2003-05-1664v1 102/10/3483    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Herzog, E. L. Articles by Krause, D. S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Herzog, E. L. Articles by Krause, D. S. Related Collections Hematopoiesis and Stem Cells Transplantation Reviews in Translational Hematology Gene Therapy Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  REVIEW IN TRANSLATIONAL HEMATOLOGY Plasticity of marrow-derived stem cells Erica L. Herzog, Li Chai, and Diane S. Krause From the Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Bone marrow (BM) contains hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which differentiate into every type of mature blood cell; endothelial cell progenitors; and marrow stromal cells, also called mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can differentiate into mature cells of multiple mesenchymal tissues including fat, bone, and cartilage. Recent findings indicate that adult BM also contains cells that can differentiate into additional mature, nonhematopoietic cells of multiple tissues including epithelial cells of the liver, kidney, lung, skin, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and myocytes of heart and skeletal muscle. Experimental results obtained in vitro and in vivo are the subject of this review. The emphasis is on how these experiments were performed and under what conditions differentiation from bone marrow to epithelial and neural cells occurs. Questions arise regarding whether tissue injury is necessary for this differentiation and the mechanisms by which it occurs. We also consider which bone marrow subpopulations are capable of this differentiation. Only after we have a better understanding of the mechanisms involved and of the cells required for this differentiation will we be able to fully harness adult stem cell plasticity for clinical purposes. 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