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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 31, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-07-1995. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2002-07-1995v1 101/8/2905    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Yahata, T. Articles by Hotta, T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Yahata, T. Articles by Hotta, T. Related Collections Hematopoiesis and Stem Cells Transplantation Plenary Papers Related Letter in Blood Online Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  Blood, 15 April 2003, Vol. 101, No. 8, pp. 2905-2913 PLENARY PAPER A highly sensitive strategy for SCID-repopulating cell assay by direct injection of primitive human hematopoietic cells into NOD/SCID mice bone marrow Takashi Yahata, Kiyoshi Ando, Tadayuki Sato, Hiroko Miyatake, Yoshihiko Nakamura, Yukari Muguruma, Shunichi Kato, and Tomomitsu Hotta From the Division of Hematopoiesis, Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan. To measure the ability of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the SCID-repopulating cell (SRC) assay has been widely used. Conventionally, human HSCs are transplanted into a nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mouse via a tail vein. However, those cells must go through various obstacles until they reach the mouse marrow environment, which could explain the generally low homing efficiency in this system. Thus, the capability of HSCs may not be studied accurately by this intravenous transplantation method. In our attempt to reveal actual SRC potential, ie, self-renewal and multilineage differentiation in recipient bone marrow, we introduced cells into mouse marrow directly (intrabone marrow [iBM]) to minimize the effect of factors that may interfere with the homing of HSCs and compared the results obtained by intravenous and iBM methods. When cord blood CD34+CD38 cells were transplanted in NOD/SCID mice by iBM, a 15-fold higher frequency of SRC, 1 in 44 CD34+CD38 cells, was achieved compared with 1 in 660 by the intravenous method. Furthermore, the iBM transplant showed high levels of engraftment in the secondary transplantation. Pretreatment of CD34+ cells with antibodies that block either very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) or VLA-5 reduced engraftment partially, whereas blockage of both molecules resulted in complete inhibition of engraftment, which suggests that VLA-4 and VLA-5 are involved in different processes in engraftment or have complementary roles. Our results indicate that the iBM injection strategy is a more sensitive and direct way to measure the capability of human SRCs and is useful to investigate the interaction of HSCs and marrow environment in vivo. © 2003 by The American Society of Hematology.   CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? Related Letter in Blood Online: Direct vascular delivery of primitive hematopoietic cells to bone marrow improves localization but not engraftment Karissa T. Chabner, Gregor B. Adams, Jianhua Qiu, Michael Moskowitz, Emily S. 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